Investigation of droplets released during digestive endoscopy using a high-speed camera (with video): a pilot study.

Abstract

BackgroundA large release of droplets is often expected around the periphery of the digestive endoscope insertion site. Therefore, a sense of alarm over infection because of droplets that may be released during digestive endoscopy examination is increasing. This study aimed to investigate the droplets released during digestive endoscopy using a high-speed camera.MethodsWe utilized a high-speed camera (FASTCAM SA-3, Photron Limited) capable of recording small, transparent droplets with a black background and high-brightness lighting. The obtained video files were analyzed using post-processing software. We divided the 20 models into the control (a spray bottle model and a cough model) and experimental groups (digestive endoscopy models). The sedative, proficiency of digestive endoscopy and the amount of gas injected were modulated to change the level of released droplets.ResultsFor the control groups, droplets were clearly observed using a high-speed camera. However, no droplet larger than 10 µm in size was observed in the experimental groups. Furthermore, the changes in the sedative, proficiency of digestive endoscopy, and amount of gas injected did not affect droplet formation.ConclusionsBased on high-speed camera photography, the risk of droplet generation during digestive endoscopy was not higher than that during violent expiratory events, such as coughing and sneezing.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00464-021-08581-0.