Investigation of an equilibrium state of water and two-component gas mixture of dry air and water vapor at the separation surface of phases in the conditions of phase transition Part I

Abstract

In this part of the publication from the point of view the macroscopically and microscopically description of the properties of phase transition the conditions of stationary thermodynamic state (equilibrium) at the separation surface between the liquid and gas phases under uniform heating or cooling from the side of the thermal reservoir (thermostat) are reviewed and formulated. The basic methods of investigations of the equilibrium state of a two-component gas mixture (dry air and water vapor) in contact with a liquid phase under conditions of phase transformation are described. In the framework of the quasi-classical approximation, the macroscopic equations of the balance of pressures at the interfacial phase surface are defined, according to which the effective molar characteristics of the gas (binary) mixture in the conditions of fluctuation mixing with the ideal liquid into the superfacial layer are determined under certain diffusion approximations. According to macroscopic (mechanical) and microscopic (probabilistic) considerations, an equation of state of a nonideal gas mixture in the case of evaporation or condensation during phase transition under stationary conditions is obtained.