Abstract
This paper presents the results of an investigation on ambient air odour quality in the vicinity of a municipal landfill. The investigations were carried out during the spring–winter and the spring seasons using two types of the electronic nose instrument. The field olfactometers were employed to determine the mean odour concentration, which was from 2.1 to 32.2 ou/m3 depending on the measurement site and season of the year. In the case of the investigation performed with two types of the electronic nose, a classification of the ambient air samples with respect to the collection site was carried out using the k-nearest neighbours (kNN) algorithm supported with the cross-validation method. Correct classification of the ambient air samples collected during the spring–winter season was at the level from 71.9% to 87.5% and from 84.4% to 94.8% for the samples collected during the spring season depending on the electronic nose type utilized in the studies. It was also revealed that the kNN algorithm applied for classification of the samples exhibited better discrimination abilities than the algorithms of the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and quadratic discriminant function (QDA) type. Performed seasonal investigations proved the ability of the electronic nose to discriminate the ambient air samples differing in odorants’ concentration and collection site.
Highlights
Volatile organic compounds, due to their physical properties such as ease of conversion into gas state and low solubility in water, often constitute by-products in numerous industrial processes and they are sources of outdoor and indoor air pollution [1]
When the measurements were with the electronic nose characteristic prototype during duringlandfill the spring–winter season
(where k = 3) classification supported with the cross-validation method for the ambient air samples collected around the municipal landfill during the spring–winter season
Summary
Due to their physical properties such as ease of conversion into gas state and low solubility in water, often constitute by-products in numerous industrial processes and they are sources of outdoor and indoor air pollution [1]. Obtained chromatograms are analysed using data analysis methods; in this case, the chromatographic peaks play the role of the sensors Due to their discrimination abilities, the electronic nose instruments can be employed to discriminate the gas samples differing in quality and odour. They have found many practical applications in such fields as safety, environmental pollution, medicine, work safety regulations, the food industry, the chemical industry and other [26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47]. The Nasal Ranger field olfactometers were used to assess odour concentration in ambient air at the sampling sites where the samples for electronic nose measurements had been collected
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Disclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.