Abstract
This paper presents novel aspects regarding the physically motivated modelling of rubberstationary sliding friction on rough surfaces. The description of dynamic contact is treatedwithin the framework of a generalized Greenwood–Williamson theory for rigid/softfrictional pairings. Due to the self-affinity of rough surfaces, both hysteresis and adhesionfriction components arise from a multi-scale excitation of surface roughness. Beside acomplete analytical formulation of contact parameters, the morphology of macrotexture isconsidered via the introduction of a second scaling range at large length scales whichmostly contribute to hysteresis friction. Moreover, adhesion friction is related to the realarea of contact combined with the kinetics of interfacial peeling effects. Frictionexperiments carried out with different rubbers on rough granite and asphalt pointout the relevance of hysteresis and adhesion friction concepts on rough surfaces.The two scaling ranges approach significantly improves the description of wetand dry friction behaviour within the range of low sliding velocity. In addition,material and surface effects are predicted and understood on a physical basis. Theapplicability of such modelling is of high interest for materials developers and roadconstructors regarding the prediction of wet grip performance of tyres on road tracks.
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