Investigation, analysis and identification of disease of Gastrodia elata f. glauca

Abstract

Fungal disease is an important factor restricting the healthy development of Gastrodia elata industry. The control of fungal disease in G. elata is an important issue in production. This paper makes a detailed investigation on the current situation of G. elata disease in China through statistics on the failure rate, rotten pit rate and occurrence rate of G. elata disease in the main producing areas of China. It was found that G. elata disease was mainly infected from the top bud and junction, causing the occurrence rate of disease was 6%-17%, and the yield decreased by 10%-30%. The 23 dominant fungi were isolated from 18 typical G. elata disease samples. Through identification of colony morphology, mycelium morphology, spore morphology and genetic characteristics, they were finally identified as 13 species, belonging to 7 families and 7 genera. Trichoderma harzianum, Ilyonectria sp. and Ilyonectria destructans are the most frequently separated. Their isolation frequency were 22.22%,16.67%,16.67% respectively. Ilyonectria sp. and I. destructans were the first time isolated from G. elata disease samples. They may be the main pathogens causing soil-borne diseases of G. elata. T. harzianum has certain potential as Gastrodia biocontrol bacteria. This study can provide a theoretical basis for the research and development of control technology of Gastrodia fungi disease.