Abstract
Fereydounshahr experiences growing electricity shortfalls and an overreliance on polluting diesel generators. This analysis models renewable hybrid systems to electrify a local dairy operation using HOMER Pro 3.11 software. Despite higher upfront costs, adding just 5% solar photovoltaics maintained low net present costs while increasing clean energy penetration versus diesel generators alone. Furthermore, a combined diesel-solar-wind system reduced carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions by over 1%. Although diesel generators had the shortest payback period at 48 years, the capital recovery factor for a diesel–solar combination reached 62 years. Thus, tailored hybrid renewable systems could provide an affordable, low-emissions electricity solution for the Fereydounshahr livestock facility. With suitable wind and solar resources, the right policy incentives could also unlock substantial local renewable capacity to meet rising demand and mitigate dependence on imported, climate-harming fossil fuels.
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