Investigating the effect of outer layer of magnetic particles on cervical cancer cells HeLa by magnetic fluid hyperthermia

Anand Bhardwaj,Neeraj Jain,Kinnari Parekh

doi:10.1186/s12645-021-00076-w

Anand Bhardwaj, Neeraj Jain + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/s12645-021-00076-w

Copy DOI

Abstract

BackgroundMagnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) is a successful nanotechnology application in recent decade where a biocompatible magnetic fluid is used to kill cancer cells in a controlled heating using AC magnetic field. In the present study, two ferrite-based magnetic fluids, with and without surfactant coating, were synthesized to study the effect of the outer layer of magnetic nanoparticles on cervical cancer cells. The magnetic fluid without surfactant coating (MFWI) was made stable by providing negative charge on the surface of each particle. On the other hand, lauric acid was used as a surfactant to have a stable dispersion of particles in aqueous media (MFWL).MethodsThe structural, magnetic properties and induction heating response of both the fluids were investigated using XRD, VSM, DLS, TGA, FTIR, and a high-frequency induction heater. The in vitro cytotoxicity of the synthesized fluids was observed on HeLa cells by performing MTT assay, and the effect of magnetic fluid hyperthermia was examined using Trypan blue assay.ResultsThe crystallite size of surfactant stabilized particles was higher (11.0 ± 0.5 nm) compared to the charge stabilized particles (8.3 ± 0.5 nm). Induction heating experiments showed that the specific absorption rate of the surfactant-coated particles was almost double compared to ionic particle fluid. Magnetic fluid hyperthermia up to 1 hour at a concentration of 0.25 mg/mL of surfactant-coated magnetic fluid and 0.2 mg/mL concentration of charged fluid resulted in approximately 66 and 80% cell death, respectively, compared to untreated control cells.ConclusionThe preliminary analysis of this study shows significant cell death due to hyperthermia, wherein MFWI revealed higher cytotoxicity compared to MFWL. Additional analysis into the role of the outer stabilizing layer on nanoparticle’s surface, concentration of nanoparticles, and hyperthermic duration is desirable to utilize MFH as a futuristic anti-cancer therapeutic tool.

Highlights

Magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) is a successful nanotechnology application in recent decade where a biocompatible magnetic fluid is used to kill cancer cells in a controlled heating using AC magnetic field
Induction heating experiments showed that the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) of the surfactant-coated particles was almost double compared to ionic particles, possibly due to the reduced size of magnetic fluid without surfactant coating (MFWI) compared to Surfactant-coated magnetic fluid (MFWL)
SAR of magnetic fluids (MFs) was analyzed at different magnetic field strengths and varying concentration of magnetic particles using induction heating applicator at 330 kHz frequency

Summary

Introduction

Magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) is a successful nanotechnology application in recent decade where a biocompatible magnetic fluid is used to kill cancer cells in a controlled heating using AC magnetic field. Various methods have been reported to achieve the stable magnetic fluid, such as coating with a long chain organic/carbon surfactant or by providing the electric charge on the surface of MNPs, to make them electrostatic repulsive (Giri et al 2008; Filippousi et al 2014; Wu et al 2008; Tourinho et al 1990). These surfactant or charge coatings provide stability to the colloidal system, sometimes this produces additional cytotoxicity to the cells and creates issues regarding the biocompatibility of fluid (Zavisova et al 2019).

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion