Abstract
Eggplant is one of the most commonly consumed vegetables in Côte d’Ivoire. For this purpose, the nutrient constituents of eggplant varieties (Niguema, N’drowa, Aliona, Bello, Kotobi, Italy, Tiger, Kalenda and Gnangnan) were evaluated by standard procedures. The proximate composition in dry weight basis was significantly (P < 0.05) varied and ranged: dry matter 86.72-93.29%, crude protein 9.94-22.11%, crude fat 5.07-20.43%, crude fiber 23.15-50.53%, crude ash 5.14-10.09%, carbohydrate 12.41-39.22%, and energy value 211.53-320.94 kcal/100g. Gnangnan had the highest content in fat. Kalenda had the highest protein content, N’drowa had the highest fiber content, Bello had the highest content in carbohydrate, while Tiger presented the highest content in both ash and energy values. The phenolic content ranges from 618.28 to 977.35 mg/100g while the vitamin C ranges from 92.88 to 150.59 mg/100g in dry weight basis. Italy had the highest content in phenolic while Kalenda had the highest content in vitamin C. Interrelationships between the parameters analysed and the different eggplant varieties were investigated by principal component analysis (PCA). PCA revealed differences between the eggplant varieties and classified them into three clusters on the basis of the measured parameters: Cluster 1 (Gnangnan), Cluster 2 (Niguema, N’drowa, Italy and Aliona) and Cluster 3 (Bello, Kalenda, Kotobi and Tiger) This study is a contribution to the knowledge of the nutritional composition of eggplant cultivated in Côte d’Ivoire. In view of these results, eggplant can help to reduce the nutrition-related disorders in Africa. Keywords: Eggplant, Varieties, Proximate composition, Antioxidant DOI: 10.7176/FSQM/102-07 Publication date: November 30 th 2020
Highlights
Fruits and vegetables, being rich sources of nutrients, have been of interest due to their potential health benefits in preventing several chronic diseases (Slavin & Lloyd 2012)
Unlike Solanum melongena, which is native to Asia (Meyer et al 2012), S. macrocarpon and S. aethiopicum are native to Africa (Daunay et al 2001)
It consists of nine varieties of eggplant, including five varieties (Niguema, N’drowa, Kotobi, Aliona and Bello) of the specie S. aethiopicum, three varieties (Italy, Tiger and Kalenda) of the specie S. melongena and one variety (Gnangnan) of the specie S. anguivi (Figure 1)
Summary
Fruits and vegetables, being rich sources of nutrients, have been of interest due to their potential health benefits in preventing several chronic diseases (Slavin & Lloyd 2012). Vegetables are considered essential for the diet of human in many parts of the world and play a significant role in human nutrition. They supply vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber and phytochemicals (João 2012). Eggplant cultivation is possible in varied climates (temperate, tropical dry or humid). It contains different species and varieties which are distinguished in particular by the color, size and shape of the fruits (Furini & Wunder 2004). It is of great economic importance because several species are cultivated and consumed in the world (Sultana et al 2018). Unlike Solanum melongena, which is native to Asia (Meyer et al 2012), S. macrocarpon and S. aethiopicum are native to Africa (Daunay et al 2001)
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