Abstract
Abstract We have investigated spin-dependent single-electron tunneling (SET) in micro-fabricated magnetic granular systems with current-perpendicular-to-plane geometry. Electron beam lithography technique and Ar ion etching were employed for the micro-fabrication process to form a Co/Al-O/Co 31 Al 24 O 45 /Co/Pt pillar with the cross section of 0.4×0.4 μm 2 . Inverse tunnel magnetoresistance is observed around the step-up points of Coulomb staircases. The observed results are beyond the orthodox theory of SET for a double junction model without spin-accumulation effects.
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