Inverse scattering transforms and soliton solutions of focusing and defocusing nonlocal mKdV equations with non-zero boundary conditions

Abstract

In this paper, we present a systematical inverse scattering transform for both focusing and defocusing nonlocal (reverse-space–time) modified Korteweg–de Vries (mKdV) equations with non-zero boundary conditions (NZBCs) at infinity. The suitable uniformization variable is introduced to make the direct and inverse scattering problems be established on a new complex plane instead of the two-sheeted Riemann surface. The direct scattering problem establishes the analyticity, symmetries and asymptotic behaviors of Jost solutions and scattering matrix, and properties of discrete spectrum. The inverse scattering problem is solved by means of a corresponding matrix-valued Riemann–Hilbert problem. The reconstruction formula for the potential, trace formulae, and theta conditions are found. Finally, the dynamical behaviors of solitons and their interactions for four distinct cases of the reflectionless potentials for both focusing and defocusing nonlocal mKdV equations with NZBCs are analyzed in detail.