Abstract
The current understanding of the dynamics between elementary particles is encoded into a quantum field theory (QFT) known as the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics. So far, the SM has described the observations in particle physics experiments with great success. However, it is not anticipated to remain the final theory of particle physics due to its well-known shortcomings. While the SM predicts the relations of its parameters, which include the couplings of the interactions and the masses of elementary particles, their values need to be determined experimentally. Furthermore, it is unexplained why the SM operates with 3 fermion families, although only one is needed for building stable matter, or why there are large differences in the masses of the particles within a family. It is also possible that the electroweak vacuum is not stable in the SM, but resolving whether or not this is the case requires increasing precision in the measurements of the top quark mass $$m_{\textrm{t}}$$ and the value of the strong coupling constant $$\alpha _S$$ . Both $$\alpha _S$$ and $$m_{\textrm{t}}$$ are measured with extreme precision in the context of this thesis, along with investigating the phenomenological aspects of their determination—individually, using cutting-edge phenomenology for jet and $${\textrm{t}{}\overline{\textrm{t}}} $$ production, but also together, exploring the sensitivity of both processes to the gluon distribution and $$\alpha _S$$ in proton-proton collisions.
Published Version
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