Abstract
This chapter outlines the function, history, and types of metadata used in libraries and other cultural heritage institutions. The history of library metadata, its development in relation to the evolution of information technology, and its importance to later metadata schemas is put in context. The chapter also looks at the importance of metadata to digital resources, as well as how metadata improves the discovery of resources. Types of metadata such as descriptive metadata and rights metadata are distinguished. This chapter also presents an example of Dublin Core metadata expressed in XML. Also included is a discussion of consistency and quality control. Common metadata languages are discussed, and resources for more information are listed for the most commonly used metadata languages in cultural heritage institutions.
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