Introduction: Processing of Composite Materials and Physical Characteristics

Abstract

This section of the Encyclopedia presents an overview of the materials, processing methods and physical characteristics of metal, polymer and ceramic composite materials. This article summaries the main areas within this section. A wide range of metal, polymer and ceramic matrix composite materials are examined herein including aluminum, ABS, and alumina composites; along with reinforcements for metals such as silicon carbide and tungsten carbide, for polymers such as carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes; and for ceramics such as steel and cobalt are covered. Processing routes reviewed include casting, powder compaction and sintering, and additive manufacturing. The form and size of precipitates are discussed in detail, from in-situ through ex-situ, from fibrous to particulate, and from nano to macro-scale. While subsequent sections in the Encyclopedia will focus on these areas also, a high level overview and main process control factors, resulting properties, and applications of these composites are highlighted in this section. Up and coming composite processing routes and materials are also presented and discussed.