Introduction of Bixa orellanaL. in Apsheron Conditions

Abstract

The article, for the first time at the Institute of Dendrology of Azerbaijan NAS, presents information on the introduction, reproduction and bioecological characteristics of the species Bixa orellana L. in the conditions of Absheron. Seeds of Bixa orellana L. were obtained by exchange from the Central Botanical Garden of Padua, Italy. For the first time, the biological characteristics of Bixa orellana L. were studied in Absheron conditions, the morphological characteristics of its shoots, the growth dynamics of 1-2-year-old seedlings, the root system, and nutritional value. The plant is propagated by seeds and cuttings. Soil sowing (06.10.2021) was carried out in the first ten days of June. The first shoots were observed on 06.23.2021, mass shoots were observed on 06.30.2021. Germination was 80%, sprout survival rate was 60%. When propagating by cuttings, young shoots 8-10 cm high are selected and planted in fertile soil or wet sand. After 7-9 weeks they produce a lot of roots. After this, they can be moved to the field. In 1–2-year-old plant seedlings, the above-ground part (39-80 cm) develops better than the underground part (14-26.5 cm). The growth of Bixa orellana L. is divided into 2 periods; intensive height growth in the first period lasts from the second ten days of May to the end of June, the second - from the end of August to the third ten days of October. The annual growth was 20-25 cm. The growing season ranges from 280±5 days. This species is tolerant to the climatic conditions of Absheron.