Introducing the concept of generalized thermal diffusivity to understand coupled heat–charge transport in ionic solutions

Abstract

A theoretical framework addressing the coupled thermal and charge transport phenomena in ionic solutions is here developed. Starting from the microscopic definitions of thermal and charge currents from Onsager formulation of non-equilibrium thermodynamics, a unique, very general and compact form of the governing differential equation for the evolution of a temperature profile is derived. In particular, the concept of generalized thermal diffusivity is introduced to capture the overall effect of the coupling between heat and charge transport in a single phenomenological coefficient as well as to shed light on the non-equivalent situations of concurrent or discordant heat and charge currents. To validate our theoretical framework, an ionic salt solution of NaCl in water is investigated.