Intrinsic leadership: Scale development and testing its validity

Hening Riyadiningsih,Siti Nurhayati,M Elfan Kaukab,Haryadi Haryadi

doi:10.5267/j.msl.2020.11.032

Abstract

Intrinsic leadership is a new concept of leadership and is built based on philosophically and psychologically of the intrinsic meaning. The basic philosophy of its development is a holistic leadership philosophy that integrates cognitive, affective, conative, and spiritual as the core of leadership. The purpose of developing intrinsic leadership is to create a vision and value congruence, empower cooperation between all stakeholders and especially build an organization like a family so that it creates attachment, trust, a motivation that has an impact on organizational performance. Intrinsic leadership is conceptually different from the previous concept of leadership that only rests on one or several elements that the leader has as a human. Development of measurement scales and validity testing provides a foundation that facilitates quantitative research in intrinsic leadership. There are three studies carried out, the first is scale development and testing the content validity of intrinsic leadership measurements. Testing the content validity is accomplished by analyzing and calculating the content validity index (CVI) and Kappa coefficient data are obtained from a panel expert consisting of eight experts. The second study is related to testing construct validity of intrinsic leadership using EFA from 186 data collected from owner-managers of SMEs. The results show that there are twenty-six indicators extracted into eight factors that are intrinsic leadership measurement scale. The third study aims to test empirically or confirm measurement model of intrinsic-leadership using CFA.

Highlights

The reason leadership topics are important and interesting issue in field of organizational behavior is practical problems that arise in an organization, such as changes in business environment, emergence of global economy, moral and ethical problem, and technological developments (Perin et al, 2007)
The results show that there are twenty-six indicators extracted into eight factors that are intrinsic leadership measurement scale
We have examined the construct validity of this study using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) with Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method

Summary

Introduction

The reason leadership topics are important and interesting issue in field of organizational behavior is practical problems that arise in an organization, such as changes in business environment, emergence of global economy, moral and ethical problem, and technological developments (Perin et al, 2007). The existing leadership theories only focus on one or several aspects of the physical, mental, or emotional elements in human interaction in organizations, and ignore spiritual component (Fry, 2003). Authentic leadership research that had done in its operation has not integrated spiritual aspect as measurement scale (see Walumbwa et al, 2010; Wooley et al, 2011; Hmieleski et al, 2012; Caza et al, 2013; Kiersch & Byrne, 2015; Liu et al, 2015; Regan et al, 2016; Weiss et al, 2018). Whereas analysis of the importance of spiritual influence on organizational outcomes (see Altaf & Awan, 2011, Kazemipour et al, 2012; Mousa & Alas, 2016; Soha et al, 2016; Pawar, 2017; Garg, 2018; Haldorai et al, 2020) show significant role of spiritual aspects in leadership

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