Abstract
BackgroundThe use of stem cells from adipose tissue or adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) in regenerative medicine could be an interesting alternative to bone marrow stem cells because they are easily accessible and available in large quantities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential effect of ASCs on the healing of 12 mm diameter-excisional wounds (around 110 mm2) in nude mice.MethodsThirty nude mice underwent surgery to create one 12-mm excisional wound per mouse (spontaneous healing, n = 6; Cytocare® 532, n = 12; ASCs, n = 12). The Galiano wound model was chosen to avoid shrinkage and thus slow the spontaneous healing (SH) of mouse skin, making it closer to the physiology of human skin healing. Transparent dressings were used to enable daily healing time measurements to be taken. Immunohistochemistry, histological and blood perfusion analysis were carried out on the healed skin.ResultsThe in vivo results showed the effectiveness of using ASCs on reducing the time needed for complete healing to 21.2 days for SH, 17.4 days for vehicle alone (Cytocare® 532) and 14.6 days with the addition of ASCs (p < 0.001). Moreover, cutaneous perfusion of the healed wound was significantly improved in ASC-treated mice compared to SH group, as shown by laser Doppler flowmetry and the quantitation of blood vessels using immunohistochemistry of αsmooth muscle actin.ConclusionsThe tolerance and efficacy of cryopreserved ASCs to accelerate the complete closure of the wound by increasing the maturation of the skin and its blood perfusion, shows their therapeutic benefit in the wound healing context.
Highlights
The use of stem cells from adipose tissue or adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) in regenerative medicine could be an interesting alternative to bone marrow stem cells because they are accessible and available in large quantities
Adipose tissue was collagenase-digested and cells were collected as the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and grown in proliferation medium until passage 1
Cells were characterized by flow cytometry and displayed a mesenchymal stem cell phenotype (Fig. 1a) as more than 98 % of the cells expressed CD90, CD73, and Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-ABC and less than 2 % expressed CD14, HLA-DR, and CD45
Summary
The use of stem cells from adipose tissue or adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) in regenerative medicine could be an interesting alternative to bone marrow stem cells because they are accessible and available in large quantities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential effect of ASCs on the healing of 12 mm diameter-excisional wounds (around 110 mm2) in nude mice. Faced with an aging population today, chronic wounds are a real public health problem [3, 4]. The main aims of treatment are the rapid closure of the wound to. Many strategies have been tried with varying success in the treatment of chronic wounds: the injection of growth factors [5,6,7], grafts of temporary skin substitutes (porcine xenograft, synthetic membranes, atelocollagen matrix, and allogenic substitutes) [7, 8], or permanent ones (epidermal substitutes and cultured dermis) [9, 10]. Large wounds, under adverse local and systemic conditions (low vascularization, metabolic disease, etc), respond poorly to these treatments and frequently reopen.
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