Abstract
The goal of this study is to map the metabolic pathways of poorly understood bacterial phytopathogen, Xanthomonas oryzae (Xoo) BXO43 fed with plant mimicking media XOM2 containing glutamate, methionine and either 40% [13C5] xylose or 40% [13C6] glucose. The metabolic networks mapped using the KEGG mapper and the mass isotopomer fragments of proteinogenic amino acids derived from GC-MS provided insights into the activities of Xoo central metabolic pathways. The average 13C in histidine, aspartate and other amino acids confirmed the activities of PPP, the TCA cycle and amino acid biosynthetic routes, respectively. The similar labelling patterns of amino acids (His, Ala, Ser, Val and Gly) from glucose and xylose feeding experiments suggests that PPP would be the main metabolic route in Xoo. Owing to the lack of annotated gene phosphoglucoisomerase in BXO43, the 13C incorporation in alanine could not be attributed to the competing pathways and hence warrants additional positional labelling experiments. The negligible presence of 13C incorporation in methionine brings into question its potential role in metabolism and pathogenicity. The extent of the average 13C labelling in several amino acids highlighted the contribution of pre-existing pools that need to be accounted for in 13C-flux analysis studies. This study provided the first qualitative insights into central carbon metabolic pathway activities in Xoo.
Highlights
Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), the causal agent of rice bacterial blight, is among the top ten bacterial phytopathogens that contribute to crop loss [1,2,3]
The analysis of central metabolic pathways in wild-type (BXO43) and highly virulent (IXO_1088, IXO_1104) Xanthomonas oryzae strains reconstructed by the KEGG pathway mapper confirmed the TCA (Tricarboxylic acid) cycle, pentose phosphate (PPP) and all the amino acid biosynthetic pathways (Figure 1)
It has been observed that the metabolic pathways of Xoo BXO43 have not been studied in well-established plant mimic media
Summary
Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), the causal agent of rice bacterial blight, is among the top ten bacterial phytopathogens that contribute to crop loss [1,2,3]. Oryzae (Xoo), the causal agent of rice bacterial blight, is among the top ten bacterial phytopathogens that contribute to crop loss [1,2,3]. The significance of Xoo led researchers to undertake studies to understand its biology at the level of genome [1,3], Proteome [6,7] and Transcriptome [8]. Research interests lie in understanding the involvement of carbon metabolic pathways in the virulence of agricultural phytopathogens [9,10]. Oryzae, XOM2 media is known to be an efficient hrp inducer [12] and is termed as plant mimic media mainly containing glutamate, xylose and methionine as potential carbon or nitrogen sources.
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