Intra-aneurysmal contrast agent stasis during intraoperative digital subtraction angiography may predict long-term occlusion after clipping.

Abstract

The routine use of intraoperative digital subtraction angiography (iDSA) increases detection of intracranial aneurysm (IA) remnants after microsurgical clipping. Spontaneous thrombosis of IA remnants after clipping is considered a rare phenomenon. We analyse iDSA characteristics to find predictors for IA remnant thrombosis. IA with intraoperative detection of a remnant after clipping were identified and divided into remnants experiencing spontaneous thrombosis, and remnants with long-term patency and/or remnant growth. Angiographic features of iDSA were analysed and compared between the two groups. Of 37 IAs with intraoperative remnant on 3D-iDSA, five sustained a spontaneous remnant thrombosis and remained occluded in long-term follow-up. In all five cases, iDSA revealed delayed inflow and consequent stasis of the contrast agent until the late venous phase.On the other hand, in all cases with persistent long-term IA remnants (n = 32) iDSA demonstrated timely arterial contrast inflow and wash-out without stasis of intra-aneurysmal contrast agent. Contrast stasis in IA remnants during iDSA appears to predict long-term IA occlusion, indicating that clip correction manoeuvres or even attempted endovascular treatment of the remnant IA may be avoided in these patients.