Intervening on Trust in Science to Reduce Belief in COVID-19 Misinformation and Increase COVID-19 Preventive Behavioral Intentions: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Jon Agley,Lilian Golzarri-Arroyo,Xiwei Chen,Yunyu Xiao,Esi E Thompson

doi:10.2196/32425

Abstract

BackgroundTrust in science meaningfully contributes to our understanding of people’s belief in misinformation and their intentions to take actions to prevent COVID-19. However, no experimental research has sought to intervene on this variable to develop a scalable response to the COVID-19 infodemic.ObjectiveOur study examined whether brief exposure to an infographic about the scientific process might increase trust in science and thereby affect belief in misinformation and intention to take preventive actions for COVID-19.MethodsThis two-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial aimed to recruit a US representative sample of 1000 adults by age, race/ethnicity, and gender using the Prolific platform. Participants were randomly assigned to view either an intervention infographic about the scientific process or a control infographic. The intervention infographic was designed through a separate pilot study. Primary outcomes were trust in science, COVID-19 narrative belief profile, and COVID-19 preventive behavioral intentions. We also collected 12 covariates and incorporated them into all analyses. All outcomes were collected using web-based assessment.ResultsFrom January 22, 2021 to January 24, 2021, 1017 participants completed the study. The intervention slightly improved trust in science (difference-in-difference 0.03, SE 0.01, t1000=2.16, P=.031). No direct intervention effect was observed on belief profile membership, but there was some evidence of an indirect intervention effect mediated by trust in science (adjusted odds ratio 1.06, SE 0.03, 95% CI 1.00-1.12, z=2.01, P=.045) on membership in the “scientific” profile compared with the others. No direct nor indirect effects on preventive behaviors were observed.ConclusionsBriefly viewing an infographic about science appeared to cause a small aggregate increase in trust in science, which may have, in turn, reduced the believability of COVID-19 misinformation. The effect sizes were small but commensurate with our 60-second, highly scalable intervention approach. Researchers should study the potential for truthful messaging about how science works to serve as misinformation inoculation and test how best to do so.Trial RegistrationNCT04557241; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04557241International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)RR2-10.2196/24383

Highlights

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has been accompanied by a substantive, pervasive outpouring of misinformation about the disease [1] that can be described as an infodemic [2]
No direct intervention effect was observed on belief profile membership, but there was some evidence of an indirect intervention effect mediated by trust in science on membership in the “scientific” profile compared with the others
Briefly viewing an infographic about science appeared to cause a small aggregate increase in trust in science, which may have, in turn, reduced the believability of COVID-19 misinformation

Summary

Introduction

The COVID-19 pandemic has been accompanied by a substantive, pervasive outpouring of misinformation about the disease [1] that can be described as an infodemic [2]. Concerns about this infodemic were raised by members of the science community almost immediately, and steps were taken to develop a research agenda [3], as misinformation about COVID-19 has taken many forms and been amplified across numerous types of media [4,5,6]. No experimental research has sought to intervene on this variable to develop a scalable response to the COVID-19 infodemic

Methods

Results

Conclusion