Abstract
In this contribution, a new dissolved gas analysis (DGA) method combining key gases and ratio approaches for power transformer fault diagnostic is presented. It is based on studying subsets and uses the five main hydrocarbon gases including hydrogen (H2), methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6), ethylene (C2H4), and acetylene (C2H2). The proposed method uses 475 samples from the dataset divided into subsets formed from the maximum and minimum(s) concentrations of the whole dataset. It has been tested on 117 DGA sample data and validated on the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) TC10 database. The performance of the proposed diagnostic method was evaluated and compared with the following diagnostic methods: IEC ratios method, Duval's triangle (DT), three ratios technique (TRT), Gouda's triangle (GT), and self-organizing map (SOM) clusters. The results found were analysed by computer simulations using MATLAB software. The proposed method has a diagnosis accuracy of 97.42% for fault types, as compared to 93.16% of TRT, 96.58% of GT method, 97.25% of SOM clusters method and 98.29% of DT method. However, in terms of fault severity, the proposed method has a diagnostic accuracy of 90.59% as compared to 78.90% of SOM clusters method, 83.76% of TRT, 88.03% of DT method, and 89.74% of GT method.
Highlights
Power transformers are the most expensive and important elements of power systems
Considering the diagnostic accuracy results obtained from the studying dataset, it is clear that the proposed method performs better at detecting PD, D2 and T3 faults, with accuracy greater than or equal to 90%
A new conventional dissolved gas analysis (DGA) method for fault diagnosis of power transformers is proposed. This method is based on multi datasets combining the key gases and gas ratio approaches
Summary
Power transformers are the most expensive and important elements of power systems. They are crucial for the safety and stability of network operations. When electrical or thermal faults occur in transformer oil, it degrades, generating combustible gases such as hydrogen (H2), methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6), ethylene (C2H4), and acetylene (C2H2). When decomposition occurs in cellulosic insulation, the gases generated are carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2), which indicates a thermal fault. Other gases such as oxygen (O2) and nitrogen (N2) are produced [6].
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