Interpretation of laboratory test results in early and late onset severe preeclampsia

Abstract

Objective To analyze the difference of laboratory test results between early-onset and late-onset severe preeclampsia and to investigate their clinical application values. Methods Totally 108 blood samples were collected from patients with severe preeclampsia who were diagnosed according to the Diagnostic Standard of Obstetrics and Gynecology(7th Edition) published by People′s Medical Publishing House, in Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University from March to November 2016, which consisted of 64 early-onset severe preeclampsia before 34 weeks gestation(early onset group) and 44 late-onset severe preeclampsia after 34 weeks gestation(late onset group). In addition, 42 women with normal pregnancies as the control group were selected.General clinical data were collected, and the blood sample was analyzed through detecting Hb, PLT, fibrinogen (FIB), D-dimer, AST, ALT, urea, creatinine (Cr), uric acid, CRP, urine protein. The tested results were analyzed and compared. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the proportion of T helper 1 cells(Th1) and T helper 2 cells(Th2), and the ratio of Th1/Th2 was also calculated. All data and F test were performed by use of statistical software SPSS19.0. Results The pre-pregnancy body mass index(29.55±4.49, 30.66±5.13, 26.62±3.17, F=9.829, P<0.05), diastolic blood pressure[(105.17±14.46)mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), (99.80±12.56)mmHg, (74.36±8.42)mmHg, F=82.088, P<0.05], Hb[(123.22±14.38)g/L, (117.03±16.48)g/L, (112.62±11.24)g/L, F=7.133, P<0.05], urea[(6.56±2.36)mmol/L, (4.51±1.35)mmol/L, (3.04±0.87)mmol/L, F=51.733, P<0.05], Cr[(68.47±18.05)μmol/L, (61.37±14.37)μmol/L, (48.54±8.73)μmol/L, F=23.737, P<0.05], CRP[(7.68±8.76)mg/L, (5.88±6.03)mg/L, (3.56±2.41)mg/L, F=4.735, P<0.05], urine protein[(3.66±0.76)g/L, (2.20±1.05)g/L, (0.19±0.40)g/L, F=249.714, P<0.05]had a statistically significant difference among the early-onset, late-onset and control groups. The flow cytometry results demonstrated that the proportion of Th1 in early-onset group(19.83±3.04)was higher than that in both late-onset (14.49±2.79)and control groups(11.78±1.17), on the contrary, the result of Th2 was much lower(early-onset : 1.02±0.12, late-onset: 1.11±0.12, control: 1.56±0.11), there was statistical significance among these three groups(Th1: F=135.110, P<0.05; Th2: F=293.687, P<0.05). Conclusions It′s necessary to real-time monitor the laboratory indicators, such as liver and kidney function, especially the immunologic function indicators for evaluating the disease of early-onset and late-onset severe preeclampsia and personal treatment, and for ensuring the health of mother and fetus and improving the prognostic of mother and fetus.(Chin J Lab Med, 2017, 40: 180-185) Key words: Pre-eclampsia; Clinical laboratory techniques; Body mass index; Hemoglobins; Th1 cells; Th2 cells; Proteinuria