Abstract
Wind energy is one of the most common types of renewable energy resource. Due to its sustainability and environmental benefits, it is an emerging source for electric power generation. Rapid and random changes of wind speed makes it an irregular and inconsistent power source when connected to the grid, causing different technical problems in protection, power quality and generation dispatch control. Due to these problems, effective intermittent smoothing approaches for wind power output are crucially needed to minimize such problems. This paper reviews various intermittent smoothing approaches used in smoothing the output power fluctuations caused by wind energy. Problems associated with the inclusion of wind energy resources to grid are also briefly reviewed. From this review, it has been found that battery energy storage system is the most suitable and effective smoothing approach, provided that an effective control strategy is available for optimal utilization of battery energy system. This paper further demonstrates different control strategies built for battery energy storage system to obtain the smooth output wind power.
Highlights
Renewable sources that include wind and solar energies constitute a major share to fulfill world overall electricity consumption and demand [1]
Effects such as reverse power flow, voltage variation and frequency digression occur due to wind output variations that can be minimized by aiding wind with fast energy storage systems consisting of batteries and capacitors with better control
The need for wind power smoothing approaches can be seen from the brief discussion of problems due to intermittent of wind power output when connected to the grid
Summary
Renewable sources that include wind and solar energies constitute a major share to fulfill world overall electricity consumption and demand [1]. These are rapidly originating as a source of electricity production according to IEO2016 Reference case as shown in Figure 1 [2]. Reports in [2] reflect that the total electric power generation from renewable resources increases by 2.9% annually, as a result, renewable energy contribution for world electricity generation will increase from 22% in 2012 to 29%
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