Abstract
The factors leading to persistent infection of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus in ruminants are not well defined. This paper provides evidence of the presence of interleukin-10 (IL-10) early in the course of infection (1–4 days) as a factor in the development of persistence of FMD virus in cattle. Results showed that serum IL-10 in carrier cattle infected with FMD virus type O (n = 4) was detected and peaked at 1 or 2 days post infection and rapidly declined thereafter. In contract, serum IL-10 levels in non-carrier cattle (n = 21) were very low or undetectable during the same period.
Highlights
The factors leading to persistent infection of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus in ruminants are not well defined
The results obtained suggest that the IgG antibody response to structural proteins of FMD virus is not associated with the development of persistence in cattle, which is consistent with previous reports [1]
No animal at age of younger than 6 months at infection (n = 12) became carrier (Table 1), which is correlated with the observations that no elevation of serum IL-10 during the acute phase of FMD virus infection with either type O UKG or type O SKR isolates, IL-10 ranging from −0.07 ± 0.21 to −0.08 ± 0.12 was observed in sera collected from these young animals, further suggesting IL-10 as a contributing factor in the likelihood of persistence of FMD virus
Summary
>2048 infection in cattle, IL-10 was measured basically following the method of Kwong et al [20]. The elevation of serum IL-10 during the acute phase of FMD virus infection with either type O UKG or type O SKR isolates (from 1 to 4 dpi) was only observed in sera collected from carrier cattle (n = 4). No animal at age of younger than 6 months at infection (n = 12) became carrier (Table 1), which is correlated with the observations that no elevation of serum IL-10 during the acute phase of FMD virus infection with either type O UKG or type O SKR isolates (from 1 to 4 dpi), IL-10 ranging from −0.07 ± 0.21 to −0.08 ± 0.12 was observed in sera collected from these young animals, further suggesting IL-10 as a contributing factor in the likelihood of persistence of FMD virus. When the IFN-gamma response was tested using the same serum samples, the results did not correlate with the outcome of disease (i.e. carrier or non-carrier) increases in levels of serum IFN-gamma occurred in some animals after infection (data not shown)
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