Interferometric Study of Zn / ZnSO4 / Zn System: I . Relative Position of Electrodes and Convective Effects

Abstract

Concentration gradients at the electrodes, studied by Fizeau fringes, were found to depend markedly on the relative positions of the narrow‐faced electrodes. Positions investigated were: shallow vertical, deep vertical, horizontal cathode above anode, and horizontal anode above cathode. Gravitation effects, parallel or vertical to the electrode face, cause different convection flows which affect the fringe patterns. Onset of convection was studied in relation to electrode positions, current density, and electrode concentration.