Abstract
Spreading of an alcohol or carboxylic acid monolayer at the air/water interface causes a transient increase in refractive index of the subsurface water layers. It has been established that this change in the refractive index results from a cooling in the water that accompanies the spreading. Hydration of the polar groups of these spreading molecules is exothermic, and would cause a temperature increase. So the observed cooling seems to indicate a sudden increase in evaporation, brought about by a stirring of the steady-state diffusion layer of water vapor above the interface. The spreading process is accompanied by large movements in the subsurface water layers but this motion of itself does not cause any detectable refractive index change. These hydrodynamic flow profiles produced by the spreading are measured and reported.
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