Abstract

The interferometer measurements are extremely informative in plasma experiments allowing direct evaluations of the electron density. The primary goal of the work presented, is to build a laser interferometer which meets the requirements of the highest possible simplicity, economy, convenience and ease of construction. These requirements are successfully satisfied while maintaining high sensitivity (±0.5°–of phase shift) and a wide density range (1014 and 1019 cm-2–line-integrated) of the interferometer. In our experiments we used a low average power (5 mW) He–Ne laser without complicated and costly stabilization or detection environments. The He–Ne laser interferometer with the Michelson arrangement was used to measure the line-integrated plasma densities in various plasma experiments. Time- and spatially-resolved density measurements were performed for a plasma opening switch, a laser produced plasma, an electrothermal launcher and railgun plasmas.

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