Abstract
ABSTRACT: The presence of volunteer corn plants in coexistence with soybean has been increasing since the introduction of glyphosate-resistant corn hybrids. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of interference of volunteer RR® corn plants at different densities on two RR® soybean cultivars. The experiment was conducted in Rio Verde, GO. The experimental design was a randomized block design in a factorial arrangement (2×5), with four replications. Factor A consisted of two soybean cultivars (BMX Potência RR® and M8210 IPRO®), while five densities of RR® corn plants per m2 (0, 4, 8, 12, and 16) were adopted for factor B. The following evaluations were carried out for soybean: plant height, SPAD index, percentage of interrow closure, shoot dry matter, first pod height, number of pods per plant, 100 grain weight, and grain yield of grains. Soybean plant height presented a linear and positive relationship with the increased density of corn plants. Shoot dry matter, 100 grain weight, number of pods per plant, and grain yield were negatively affected by the increased density of volunteer corn infestation. The soybean cultivar M8210 IPRO® was more susceptible to corn plant interference when compared to the cultivar BMX Potência RR®.
Highlights
Among the main exploited crops in the Brazilian agricultural production systems are the soybean under summer season conditions, sown between October and November, and the offseason corn, sown after soybean harvest
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of interference of volunteer RR® corn plants at different densities on the development of two RR® soybean cultivars sown under Cerrado conditions
Corn plant density influenced soybean plant height at 7 days after soybean emergence (DAE), and this behavior was observed in the cultivars M8210 IPRO® and BMX Potência RR® (Figure 2)
Summary
Among the main exploited crops in the Brazilian agricultural production systems are the soybean under summer season conditions, sown between October and November, and the offseason corn, sown after soybean harvest. It is due to the loss of grains from the corn harvesting process, which may remain viable during the whole off-season, emerging before or during soybean cycle and interfering with the development of the soybean crop. This problem becomes even greater when the same technology that confers resistance to herbicides, such as RR® soybean and RR® corn, is used in these succession systems, being necessary to use herbicides belonging to other mechanisms of action to control volunteer plants (Petter et al, 2015). Losses in soybean crop yield may vary according to soil type, climate conditions, phenological stage, infestation density, and interval of coexistence between the undesired species and soybean (López Ovejero et al, 2016; Piasecki et al, 2018)
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