Abstract
The energy consumption of Internet Data Centers (IDCs) is rapidly increasing and may account for 20.9% of global energy consumption in 2030. This huge demand will change the power system operations significantly in the future because IDCs are different from the traditional loads in power systems [1] . Specifically, IDCs are energy-intensive loads that can dominate and alter the nearby power flow directions, thus posing challenges to the regulation of power systems. Also, working loads migration across IDCs at different locations and time slots can disturb the real-time power balance in power systems. Besides, IDCs’ intensive electricity demand rising following the expansion of IDCs might not be met due to supply limits of the power infrastructure. Moreover, IDCs scattered in a power grid can introduce stress and overload "weak" power transmission lines as well as cause other operational violations in power systems, such as voltages and frequency. All these effects will become more pronounced with more and larger IDCs.
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