Abstract
The aim of the study is to analyze the oil spill pattern from various types of incidents and contaminants to determine the extent that incident data can be used as a baseline to prevent hazardous material releases and improve response activities at a state level. This study addresses the importance of collecting and sharing oil spill incidents as well as analytics using the data. Temporal, spatial and spatiotemporal analysis techniques are employed for the oil-spill related environmental incidents observed in the state of North Dakota, United States of America, from 2000 to 2014, as a result of the oil boom. Specifically, spatiotemporal methods are used to examine how the patterns of environmental incidents in North Dakota, which vary with the time of day, the day, the month, and the season. Results indicate that there were critical spatial and time variations in the distribution of environmental incidents. Application of spatiotemporal interaction visualization techniques, called comap has the potential to help planners and decision makers formulate policy to mitigate the risks associated with environmental incidents, improve safety, and allocate resources.
Highlights
With the rapid increase in the industrial activities and energy production in the U.S, substantial hazardous material releases have raised environmental concerns nationwide
The temporal analysis provides useful insight into hazardous material release management because this temporal analysis provides useful insight into hazardous material release management because this analysis can establish a baseline of activity and reveal new trends because data can be presented by the analysis can establish a baseline of activity and reveal new trends because data can be presented by the hour, day, month, and season, and year [18]
This study examines the effect of temporal change of oil spill accidents, and their effects on the spatial distribution of the selected environmental incidents
Summary
With the rapid increase in the industrial activities and energy production in the U.S, substantial hazardous material releases have raised environmental concerns nationwide. Hazardous materials are typically generated in the form of explosives, poison, flammable and combustible substances, and radioactive materials. These substances are released as a result of chemical accidents in a facility or during the transportation. The substances may have adverse effects on the individuals’ health and the environmental sustainability, immediately or gradually in the future. In 1986, the U.S Congress passed the Emergency Planning and Community Right to Know Act (EPCRA) to develop action plans in order to prevent such incidents’ adverse affects on the socio-economimc and environmental sustainability. The federal government initiated preventive legislations such as the Clean Water Act, Federal Railroad Safety Act, Resource Conservation, and Recovery Act, and Toxic Substances Control, and the Toxic Substances
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