Interactive Effect of the Linum Usitatissimum Extracts and Exercise Rehabilitation on Aorta Endothelial and Heart Tissues Apoptosis Biomarkers

Abstract

Introduction: As one of the most life-threatening illnesses, cardiovascular diseases are often discerned with a high apoptosis rate because of exposure to the high level of oxidative stresses. The present study has investigated the interaction of the Linum Usitatissimum (Lu) and aerobic exercise (Ae) on apoptosis of aortic endothelial and heart tissue in rats intoxicated by H2O2. Methods: 56 male Albino Wistar rats were divided into 7 groups, included HC (Healthy Control), TC (Toxic-Control), Toxic-Lu1 (Received Lu, 5 mg/kg), Toxic-Lu2 (Received Lu, 10 mg/kg), Toxic-Ae (Received Aerobic Exercise), Toxic-Ae+Lu1, and Toxic-Ae+Lu2. Finally, the rats were sacrificed ethically, and the apoptotic biomarkers were measured in isolated aortic endothelial and heart tissues. Results: The interactive comparisons showed that the Ae and Lu and aerobic exercise had a significant interactive change on pro-apoptosis biomarkers. The BAX in aortic endothelial (P=0.0011) and heart (P=0.0007), caspase-3 in aortic endothelial (P=0.0006) and heart (P=0.0016), and Bcl-2 in aortic endothelial (P=0.0018) and heart (P=0.0016) have significant interactive changes. No significant independent effect was observed. Post hoc test showed that group Toxic-Ae+Lu2 have the most significant improvement compared to the TC group (P�0.05). Conclusions: The simultaneous effect of Ae and Lu supplementation most effectively improved the apoptosis biomarkers and displayed potent cardioprotective effects compared to the singular administration of each intervention. Probably, the short rehabilitation period has caused non- significant independent changes. However, the interaction of Ae and Lu has shortened the treatment period.