Interaction of Immune Cells and Tumor Cells in Gold Nanorod-Gelatin Composite Porous Scaffolds.

Xiuhui Wang,Guoping Chen,Naoki Kawazoe

doi:10.3390/nano9101367

Xiuhui Wang, Guoping Chen + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9101367

Copy DOI

Abstract

Composite porous scaffolds prepared by immobilization of photothermal nano-agents into porous scaffold have been used for both cancer therapy and tissue regeneration. However, it is not clear how the host immune cells and ablated tumor cells interact and stimulate each other in the composite scaffolds. In this research, a gold nanorod-incorporated gelatin composite scaffold with controlled spherical large pores and well interconnected small pores was fabricated by using ice particulates as a porogen. The composite porous scaffold was used for investigating the interaction between dendritic cells and photothermally ablated breast tumor cells. The composite scaffold demonstrated excellent photothermal property and the temperature change value could be adjusted by irradiation time and laser power density. The composite scaffold showed excellent photothermal ablation ability towards breast tumor cells. The photothermally ablated tumor cells induced activation of dendritic cells when immature dendritic cells were co-cultured in the composite scaffold. Consequently, the gold nanorod–incorporated gelatin composite porous scaffold should provide a useful platform for simultaneous photothermal-immune ablation of breast tumor.

Highlights

Breast cancer has become one of the most common cancers due to its increasing morbidity and mortality worldwide [1–3]
The dynamic light scattering (DLS) results (Figure 1b) showed that the average hydrodynamic size of gelatin-coated AuNRs dispersed in water was 69.8 ± 7.5 nm and the polydispersity index (PDI) was 0.295 ± 0.020, which indicated the gelatin-coated AuNRs had a narrow size distribution and good monodispersity in water
The gelatin-coated AuNRs were introduced in gelatin sponge to prepare AuNRs-gelatin composite porous scaffold

Summary

Introduction

Breast cancer has become one of the most common cancers due to its increasing morbidity and mortality worldwide [1–3]. For the NIR laser irradiation experiment, the hydrated AuNRs-gelatin composite scaffold was put in a culture dish and placed above the NIR laser. Photothermal Ablation Ability of Tumor Cells Cultured in AuNRs–Gelatin Composite Scaffold. The 4T1-Luc/scaffold constructs were transferred into a 96-well culture plate and irradiated under an NIR laser (805 nm, 1.6 W cm−2) for 3 min. Co-Culture of Immature DCs and Photothermally Ablated Tumor Cells in AuNRs–Gelatin Composite Scaffold. The 4T1-Luc/scaffold constructs were removed from the culture medium and treated as above-mentioned for laser irradiation (805 nm, 1.6 W cm−2) for 3 min to thermally eradicate all the tumor cells. DCs (1 × 105 cells/scaffold) were seeded in the living 4T1-Luc/scaffold constructs that were cultured as above-mentioned for 36 h without laser irradiation.

Statistical Analysis

Characterization of AuNRs and AuNRs–Gelatin Composite Porous Scaffold

Photothermal Property of AuNRs–Gelatin Composite Scaffold