Abstract
This paper investigates coupling between electromagnetic surface waves on parallel wires. Finite-element method (FEM)-based and analytic models are developed for single- and double-wire Sommerfeld and Goubau lines. Models are validated via measurements for Goubau lines and a comparison between the analytic and the FEM-based computations for coupled Sommerfeld- and Goubau-type lines is carried out. The measurements and calculations show remarkable agreement. The FEM-based and analytic models match remarkably well too. The results exhibit new favourable effects for surface waves propagation over multiple conductors. The short-range behaviour of the coupled wires and, consequently, the existence of an optimum separation of coupled wires is one of the most significant findings of this paper. We comment on the relevance of our results, particularly in relation to applications of high bandwidth demands and cross-coupling effects.
Highlights
Electromagnetic surface waves (SWs) of various kinds are attracting considerable attention owing to their potential for many applications from telecommunication to plasmonics [1,2,3,4]
As for the tangential electric field component ET, its effect is again stronger at smaller distances, and it results in inducing a current density proportional to ET, denoted as JT, with opposing directions on the two halves of the wire
We have developed Finite-element method (FEM)-based and analytic models to uncover unexplored properties of coupled SW lines
Summary
Electromagnetic surface waves (SWs) of various kinds are attracting considerable attention owing to their potential for many applications from telecommunication to plasmonics [1,2,3,4] These emerging technologies have been recently studied as backhaul solutions to the network standard 5G [5,6]. We first employ the so-called small-wire assumption (weak coupling) and compare the results with finite-element method (FEM) numerical calculations (strong coupling). In the latter approach, no explicit assumptions are made about the wires’ separation or their diameters. 300 GHz, which is relevant for the latest technologies and, most notably, will be in use for the 5G network [19]
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