Intelligent and optimal energy management strategy to control the Micro-Grid voltage and frequency by considering the load dynamics and transient stability

Abstract

Maximizing the use of renewable energy resources in the context of the micro-grid (MG) idea has posed a variety of technical and economic challenges to current distribution networks. The most important challenge is the control of vital and essential factors such as voltage/frequency (V/F) in milliseconds and seconds timescales. This article presents, the intelligent control platform of V/F control in the primary and secondary based on communication system. The proposed control platform is programmed using an adaptive droop controller and considering load dynamics and the fluctuations of distributed generation sources. In the primary, proper detection and reaction in V/F control are considered. In the secondary, in addition to controlling the deviation from the V/F reference, to increase the level of stability and prevent V/F fluctuations, power exchange management between MG and the main grid are considered. Implementing an intelligent control strategy utilizing the features of the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm in inverter-based MGs significantly decreases overshoot, settling time in the face of load fluctuations, power generation fluctuations, and switching risk. Fast damping, increasing the accuracy in error detection and fast reaction are other features of the proposed control platform. The proposed control platform is simulated and analyzed in MATLAB / Simulink software.