Intellectual disability, art and identity: a qualitative exploration of the experiences of professional artists with intellectual disabilities

Abstract

Previous research suggests that participation in the arts and/or disability arts can positively influence individuals’ affirmation, or a positive embracement, of a disability identity; however, until more recently, persons with intellectual disabilities have not been included in this research to the same extent as their peers with physical or sensory disabilities. This article contributes to the increasing empirical consideration of intellectual disability identity among professional artists. Data were collected via two focus groups, one with five performing artists and the second with five visual artists, as well as follow-up, individual interviews with 8 of the artists. Key findings were identified via thematic analysis. Findings show affirmation of an intellectual disability identity emerged as a stronger theme among performing artists than visual artists. Additional themes related to confidence development, peer relationships and demonstrations of capability supported the notion that professional art practice can foster the affirmation of an intellectual disability identity. Points of interest This research is about artists with intellectual disabilities and the “affirmative model” of disability. This model means thinking that disability is a good part of someone’s identity. Other research about how disability can be a good part of someone’s identity has focused on different types of disability. All participants in this research had intellectual disabilities. This paper describes the words and ideas that artists shared in two group discussions and individual interviews. Nobody else spoke for them. All performing artists said that intellectual disability was a good part of their identity. Some of the visual artists did not think it was a good part of their identity. Making art helped artists feel confident, make friends, and show what they could do. Making art helped some participants feel good about themselves and their intellectual disability. This means art can be connected to a positive identity for people with intellectual disabilities.