Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus- induced mastitis is one of the most intractable problems for the dairy industry, which causes loss of milk yield and early slaughter of cows worldwide. Few studies have used a comprehensive approach based on the integrative analysis of miRNA and mRNA expression profiles to explore molecular mechanism in bovine mastitis caused by S. aureus. In this study, S. aureus (A1, B1 and C1) and sterile phosphate buffered saline (PBS) (A2, B2 and C2) were introduced to different udder quarters of three individual cows, and transcriptome sequencing and microarrays were utilized to detected miRNA and gene expression in mammary glands from the challenged and control groups. A total of 77 differentially expressed microRNAs (DE miRNAs) and 1625 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Gene Ontology (GO) annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that multiple DEGs were enriched in significant terms and pathways associated with immunity and inflammation. Integrative analysis between DE miRNAs and DEGs proved that miR-664b, miR-23b-3p, miR-331-5p, miR-19b and miR-2431-3p were potential factors regulating the expression levels of CD14 Molecule (CD14), G protein subunit gamma 2 (GNG2), interleukin 17A (IL17A), collagen type IV alpha 1 chain (COL4A1), microtubule associated protein RP/EB family member 2 (MAPRE2), member of RAS oncogene family (RAP1B), LDOC1 regulator of NFKB signaling (LDOC1), low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and S100 calcium binding protein A9 (S100A9) in bovine mastitis caused by S. aureus. These findings could enhance the understanding of the underlying immune response in bovine mammary glands against S. aureus infection and provide a useful foundation for future application of the miRNA–mRNA-based genetic regulatory network in the breeding cows resistant to S. aureus.
Highlights
Bovine mastitis compromises the health and welfare of dairy cattle, as well as decreases the quality and quantity of milk production, causing huge economic losses in the global dairy industry [1]
Few studies used a comprehensive approach based on the integrative analysis of miRNA and mRNA expression profiles to improve the understanding of the underlying molecular mechanism of cow mastitis caused by S. aureus
The results showed that the relative expression levels of selected miRNAs and mRNAs identified by qRT-PCR were consistent with RNA sequencing and microarray results, respectively (Tables S4 and S5), indicating a high reliability of the study
Summary
Bovine mastitis compromises the health and welfare of dairy cattle, as well as decreases the quality and quantity of milk production, causing huge economic losses in the global dairy industry [1]. The infectivity and antibiotic resistance of S. aureus and other causative agents make bovine mastitis more difficult to control, which is a risk of public health [5,6,7,8,9]. Some transcriptomewide association studies have been carried out on S. aureus-induced mastitis in vivo, these studies always analyzed the expression levels of mRNAs or microRNAs (miRNAs) separately [17,18,19,20,21]. Few studies used a comprehensive approach based on the integrative analysis of miRNA and mRNA expression profiles to improve the understanding of the underlying molecular mechanism of cow mastitis caused by S. aureus. All methods in this study were carried out according in accordance with the Administration of Affairs Concerning Experimental Animals published by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China.
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