Integration of Electric Vehicles in Home Energy Management Considering Urgent Charging and Battery Degradation

Galal Abdelaal,Aboul'Fotouh El'Gharably,Hebatallah Mohamed Sharaf,Mostafa Elshahed,Mahmoud I Gilany

doi:10.1109/access.2021.3068421

Abstract

With the absence of renewable energy sources (RES) and energy storage systems (ESS), home energy management systems (HEMS) suffer more difficulties to schedule the household demand without affecting the homeowner's lifestyle or exceeding distribution transformer maximum loading. The problem is more complicated when considering other practical situations like multi-trips and urgent charging activities of electric vehicles (EV) during the peak periods. In this paper, a HEMS strategy is proposed to coordinate the operation of the household load demand, including charging/discharging activities of EVs batteries in homes that are not integrated with RES nor ESS. The proposed strategy is intended to reduce the daily energy cost, peak-to-average ratio (PAR), and alleviate stresses on the distribution transformer while maintaining the homeowner's convenience. Unlike most previous studies, the proposed strategy considers EV multi-trips and battery degradation associated with home discharging activities. The proposed strategy coordinates the operation of various household appliances while the charging algorithm tackles the problem of urgent charging related to multi-trips requirements. Furthermore, by using battery degradation cost and energy tariff, the proposed strategy investigates the economic feasibility of home discharging activities of EVs. The strategy is applied to a residential neighborhood with three houses with various numbers of residents and various load profiles. The results proved the proposed strategy's effectiveness in reducing the energy cost and PAR while maintaining the transformer loading limit even if there are charging activities during peak or high tariff periods.

Highlights

The significant concerns about energy and the environment encourage increasing the market share of electric vehicles (EVs) as an alternative solution to traditional vehicles
This paper mainly focuses on studying the effect of utilizing EVs in Home energy management systems (HEMS) in the absence of renewable energy sources (RES) or energy storage systems (ESS) considering EV multi-trips, urgent charging conditions, and battery degradation associated with discharging activities
The three houses are equipped with several domestic appliances, including ordinary household appliances, washing machines, dishwashers, water heaters, and EVs with different battery capacities

Summary

INTRODUCTION

The significant concerns about energy and the environment encourage increasing the market share of electric vehicles (EVs) as an alternative solution to traditional vehicles. 3) The third category concentrates on utilizing EVs in home energy management systems in the absence of RES and ESS, and it is introduced in [38]–[44]. A home energy management strategy is proposed to deal with vehicle multi-trips, urgent charging requirements, and home discharging activities considering the battery degradation cost in the absence of RES or ESS. The main features and contributions of this work are summarized as follows: 1) Present an efficient energy management strategy to reduce the daily energy cost and PAR without exceeding the local transformer capacity limit or affecting homeowner comfort in houses that are not integrated with RES or ESS.

PROBLEM STATEMENT AND MOTIVATIONS

TECHNICAL ASPECTS

CONCLUSION