Integration of Economic Load Dispatch with AGC of Multi-Area Power System: Analysis on Optimal Control and Stabilization

Abstract

This paper proposes a novel Moth Flame Optimization (MFO) based filter type Proportional Integral and Derivative (PID) controller in multi-area interconnected power system for achieving simultaneously Automatic Generation Control (AGC) and Economic Load Dispatch (ELD). Conventional AGC is economically inefficient in regards to each area has to fulfill its own load variation in responses to keep tie-line power (ΔPtie) its scheduled value. To achieve this ACE based AGC is modified by integrating with ELD and combined known as Economic AGC or Eco-AGC. In Eco-AGC concern though change in area frequency(Δf) is brought to zero but tie-line power deviation (ΔPtie) never comes to zero as power always transmitted from generating station having lower incremental fuel cost to generating station having higher incremental fuel cost. In this regard an optimized filter based PID controller is used for stabilizing different dynamic responses of the Eco-AGC system. The proposed controller gains are tuned by using Moth Flame Optimization (MFO) techniques and for supremacy it is compared with standard PSO and Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm. The supremacy of MFO based PID structure over PSO and DE based PID and without ED controller has been demonstrated through dynamic responses. Finally it is revealed in Eco-AGC concern, the committed units are economically scheduled and there is a significant improvement in all dynamic responses of the system.