Abstract
Land suitability assessment is fundamental in space control planning and land development because of its effects on land use and urban layout. Rainstorms and waterlogging have become one of the most common natural disasters in the coastal areas of China. As a result, the concept of an ecological sponge city was incorporated into the construction of cities in the future. Taking Shenzhen–Shantou special cooperation zone (SSCZ), we constructed a storm flooding model based on the SCS flow generation model and GIS to explore the spatial distribution characteristics of the flooding risk in a rainstorm of 100-year lasting 1 h. Combined with population and economic indicators, a radial basis function (RBF) network was utilized to evaluate the environmental risk, the vulnerability of disaster-bearing bodies, and the rain–flood resilience of sponge cities. The self-organizing feature mapping (SOFM) model was used for cluster analysis. Spatial differences were found in the construction suitability of the study area. A suitable construction area (73.59% of the entire area) was located downtown. The construction of the artificial spongy body in the highest vulnerable area (3.25%) needs to be strengthened. The control construction area (3.3%) is located along the banks of the river, with relatively high risk and low resilience of flood control engineering. Ecological construction (19.85%) serves as the sponge body of ecological buffer. The factors of waterlogging, ecology, population, and economy could be integrated comprehensively by applying neural network methods for urban planning and construction.
Highlights
Introduction published maps and institutional affilImpermeable surface area gradually expands with rapid urbanization
From the perspective of land use, this paper discusses the risk of rainstorms and waterlogging disasters in villages and towns at a small scale and puts forward some suggestions on how suitable the land is for sponge city construction
This study focused on the situation of overland flooding during heavy rain and waterlogging, which can guide the optimal layout of sponge city land construction
Summary
Impermeable surface area gradually expands with rapid urbanization. Whenever a flood season occurs, urban waterlogging becomes a severe threat to people and property [1,2]. Urban waterlogging is a typical natural disaster caused by heavy or continuous precipitation, low-lying factors, and poor drainage conditions [3]. Urban construction in China has resulted in irrational land expansion [4,5,6,7]. As a result of attaching more importance to the facilities aboveground rather than belowground, and toward construction rather than planning, an increasingly prominent problem is occurring in the urban water environment [8]. The sponge city construction (SCC) program was proposed and adopted quickly nationwide [8,9]
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