Abstract
We propose an integrative approach that combines structural magnetic resonance imaging data (MRI), diffusion tensor imaging data (DTI), neuropsychological data, and genetic data to predict early-onset obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) severity. From a cohort of 87 patients, 56 with complete information were used in the present analysis. First, we performed a multivariate genetic association analysis of OCD severity with 266 genetic polymorphisms. This association analysis was used to select and prioritize the SNPs that would be included in the model. Second, we split the sample into a training set (N = 38) and a validation set (N = 18). Third, entropy-based measures of information gain were used for feature selection with the training subset. Fourth, the selected features were fed into two supervised methods of class prediction based on machine learning, using the leave-one-out procedure with the training set. Finally, the resulting model was validated with the validation set. Nine variables were used for the creation of the OCD severity predictor, including six genetic polymorphisms and three variables from the neuropsychological data. The developed model classified child and adolescent patients with OCD by disease severity with an accuracy of 0.90 in the testing set and 0.70 in the validation sample. Above its clinical applicability, the combination of particular neuropsychological, neuroimaging, and genetic characteristics could enhance our understanding of the neurobiological basis of the disorder.
Highlights
Several analytical approaches have been used to predict treatment response in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
We propose an integrative approach that combines structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data [5], diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data [6], neuropsychological data [7], and genetic data [8] with methodologies based on high-dimensional multivariate statistical approaches (i.e., support vector machine (SVM) and naïve Bayes (NB)) to predict OCD severity
Significant differences were observed in the pharmacological treatment, revealing that patients with Severe-Extreme OCD in comparison to the patients with Mild-Moderate OCD tended to be treated with adjuvant antipsychotic therapy (26.31% vs 0.00%, X21 = 5.766, p = 0.016) and clomipramine, the difference was not statistically significant (32.34% vs 7.14%, X21 = 3.36 p = 0.0667)
Summary
Several analytical approaches have been used to predict treatment response in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). We propose an integrative approach that combines structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data [5], diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data [6], neuropsychological data [7], and genetic data [8] with methodologies based on high-dimensional multivariate statistical approaches (i.e., SVM and NB) to predict OCD severity. This approach has not been applied in this field previously, it has provided interesting results in other diseases [9, 10]
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