Integrated Spanish Language Training: Learners' Expanded Spanish Vocabulary and Positive Perceptions After 4 Semesters

Abstract

Introduction. Spanish-speaking individuals with limited English proficiency face health disparities. In response, The University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP) Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) Program has integrated Spanish training across their curriculum to better serve this population. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of this training. Methods. Participants were first-year students from the UTEP DPT Program. Students enrolled in a required 8-week, 1-credit beginner or advanced Spanish medical terminology course in their first semester. In addition, they practiced Spanish during laboratory and service-learning experiences. The students completed pretests in the first semester and posttests in their fifth semester: self-ratings of their ability to speak, understand, read, and write Spanish; a written Spanish vocabulary test; and a questionnaire about their beliefs and attitudes about Spanish language training. A repeated-measures two-way analysis of variance was used to analyze self-ratings and vocabulary test scores. Descriptive statistics and paired t tests were used to analyze the data from the pre- and post-questionnaires. Results. There were significant improvements in self-ratings of speaking, understanding, reading, and writing Spanish (P < .001). There was significant improvement in vocabulary test scores (P < .001); no significant difference was seen between beginning and advanced students (P = .097). Results from the questionnaires suggest that students recognize personal and professional benefits from learning Spanish. Discussion and Conclusion. This study supports that the UTEP DPT Program's Spanish language training model improved self-ratings of Spanish proficiency and increased Spanish vocabulary. In addition, students had an overall positive attitude about learning Spanish. Future research is indicated to determine whether self-ratings of proficiency are correlated with observed Spanish proficiency in a clinical setting.