Integrated Room Monitoring and Air Conditioning Efficiency Optimization Using ESP-12E Based Sensors and PID Control Automation: A Comprehensive Approach

Abstract

This study addresses the critical need for efficient room monitoring and air conditioning systems, particularly in educational settings like the STMIK STIKOM Indonesia campus. The paper introduces a novel approach that combines ESP-12E based sensors with Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control automation to optimize air conditioning efficiency. Utilizing an ESP-12E microcontroller, the study designed and implemented a room monitoring tool equipped with DHT22 and BH1750 sensors for accurate measurement of temperature, humidity, and light intensity. We also explores the integration of a PID control system into an existing air conditioning (AC) unit. The PID controller was fine-tuned to maintain a stable indoor temperature of 25oCelsius, even when subjected to external heat loads, such as ten LED lamps. The effectiveness of this system was quantified through real-time monitoring of temperature, humidity, and energy consumption, both pre- and post-implementation. Results indicated a rapid and stable response from the PID controller, achieving an amplitude of 1 within 0.08 seconds, thereby confirming its successful tuning and adaptability. We found that this study has broader implications for enhancing energy efficiency and creating conducive learning environments. However, it is worth noting that the research was conducted under specific conditions, and further studies could explore its applicability in different settings.