Integrated Rehabilitation after a Cranial Brain Injury in the Conditions of a Sanatorium with Application of Barotherapy (Description of a Clinical Case)

Abstract

Restoration after injuries is one of the key issues of medical rehabilitation practice. In the cases of severe traumatic brain injury, treatment and rehabilitation does not fit ordinary guidelines, and implementation of wider range of medical and rehabilitation technologies is necessary. In the case of a successful result in the rehabilitation process a clinical analysis of individual clinical examples is important for the medical community. The article presents the clinical case of the patient suffering from severe consequences of a head injury,in the form of severe speech impairment, paresis, communication disorders, and social maladaptation of the patient. The patient received a long-term stage rehabilitation in an in-patient department, composed of 5 treatment courses, during 11–12 days, lasting fora year. The rehabilitations courses included: pharmacotherapy, physiotherapeutic procedures, massage, acupuncture, physical therapy exercises individually with an instructor, barotherapy, etc. Rehabilitation had been carried out in the rehabilitation department by a multidisciplinary team, including neurologist, reflexologist, physiotherapist, physical rehabilitation specialist, occupational therapist,speech therapist, massage therapist and nurses. These specialists were trained during the implementation of the Pilot Project for the Development of Medical Rehabilitation in the Russian Federation in 2016. The dynamic monitoring of functional restoration within the framework of rehabilitation was performed using the International Classification of Functioning, as it reflects the state of health and disorders individually for the patient and estimate these indicators universally, where none of the functional disorders is a priority, and allows rehabilitation measures to be carried out more complex. The result was: increase in strength and functional capabilities of certain muscle groups, improved swallowing and voice formation and restoration of the minimal communicative capabilities in the sphere of social functioning.