Abstract
The ongoing energy transition requires the planning of low-emission municipal energy supply systems. These systems comprise distribution grids for electricity, gas, and heat, as well as energy conversion units such as heating systems. This paper presents a linear optimization model considering these elements in order to identify the cost-minimizing system design while achieving a given CO2 emission limit. The model is applied to an exemplary test case comprising 900 buildings. In order to increase scalability of the model to larger system sizes, the effect of reducing the spatial resolution on the optimization results is analyzed. The results show that the effect is small and that spatial aggregation is indeed a valid approach to reduce problem complexity and to allow significant speedups, reaching a factor of 200 for the given case study.
Highlights
The ongoing energy transition requires the reduction of emissions attributed to the energy consumption of buildings, bringing municipal energy supply systems into focus
This paper presents a linear optimization model considering these elements in order to identify the cost-minimizing system design while achieving a given CO2 emission limit
This paper presented a detailed model for the planning of municipal energy supply systems, including the distribution grids for electricity, gas, and heat, as well as the central and decentral energy conversion units
Summary
The ongoing energy transition requires the reduction of emissions attributed to the energy consumption of buildings, bringing municipal energy supply systems into focus These systems include infrastructures for energy carriers such as electricity, gas, and heat, as well as conversion units such as heating technologies within the buildings. Contributions of this paper This paper follows two objectives It introduces an optimization model for municipal energy supply systems, which considers the infrastructures for electricity, gas, and heat on different grid levels as well as the conversion units linking them. This model is applied to an exemplary test case including 900 buildings. Afterwards, the model is applied to a test case and the design results with and without spatial aggregation are compared
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