Integrated optimization model for hydrogen supply chain network design and hydrogen fueling station planning

Abstract This paper focuses on developing a mathematical model that covers the entire hydrogen supply network. The classical hydrogen supply chain network design (HSCND) model is integrated with the hydrogen fueling station planning (HFSP) model to generate a new formulation. The proposed model considers the feedstock supply, the installation and operation of hydrogen facilities, the operation of transportation technologies, and the carbon capture and storage (CCS) system. Two primary hydrogen fueling technologies, namely on-site fueling (hydrogen is produced on-site) and standard fueling (hydrogen is delivered by road), are considered. The problem is formulated as a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model that minimizes the least cost of hydrogen (LCOH). The necessity of considering various components within a single framework is demonstrated through a case study in Franche-Comte, France. The role of each key model component (such as the fueling technology, feedstock transportation, and CCS system) is analyzed. The proposed model is capable of studying the interactions that exist between different parts of a hydrogen supply network. Consequently, more comprehensive construction plans for the HSCN are guaranteed.