Abstract
Foliar blight is an important disease of onion, proving a major bottleneck in its production. Six pathogens were found associated with the disease, viz., Alternaria alternata, A. porri, A. tenuissima, Stemphylium vesicarium, Colletotrichum circinans and Cladosporium allii-cepae. Integrated disease management of the crop was attempted using chemicals (mancozeb at 0.25% and hexaconazole at 0.06%), bio-control agents, Trichoderma viride (Tv-1) and Trichoderma harzianum (Th-1), each at 1×109 spores-ml and phyto-extracts (Cannabis indica and Curcuma longa, each at 10%). Mancozeb at 0.25 per cent proved most effective in managing foliar blight of onion but was at par with hexaconazole at 0.06 per cent. Among bio-control agents used, application of T. harzianum (Th-1) resulted in lower disease intensity as compared to T. viride (Tv-1), though both were statistically at par with each other, but were significantly superior over the control. The phyto-extracts, C. indica and C. longa were ineffective in the disease management.
Highlights
Allium cepa is an important vegetable crop in India, grown for its strong flavor and pungent odour which is mellowed and sweetened by cooking
Mancozeb was at par with hexaconazole in which disease intensity of 32.35 and 13.59 per cent was recorded during first and second year, respectively
Among the bio-control agents, Trichoderma viride (Tv-1) proved most efficacious with disease intensity of 34.94 and 13.68 per cent in the first and second year, respectively. It was followed by T. harzianum (Th-1) with a disease intensity of 34.04 and 13.82 per cent, respectively
Summary
Allium cepa is an important vegetable crop in India, grown for its strong flavor and pungent odour which is mellowed and sweetened by cooking. India ranks first in terms of area, accounting for 21 per cent world area and second in production after China, with a production share of around 14 per cent. Productivity, is low at around 11.4 mt ha-1, which is lower than the world average of 17.3 mt ha-1. A major reason for low productivity is the diseases and pests that attack the crop during various stages of development. Foliar blight plays an important role in decreasing the yields. A number of pathogens have been found responsible for the disease, of which Alternaria porri, A. alternata and Stemphylium vesicarium are the most common (Gupta, Srivastava, Pandey, & Midmore, 1994; Boff, 1996; Cova & Rodriguez, 2003). The objective of the present study was to find the most efficient fungicide(s), phyto-extract(s) and bio-control agent(s), used either alone or in combination for the management of the disease
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