Integrated data detection and video restoration for optical camera communications

Abstract

Optical Camera Communication (OCC) technology enables the use of Image Sensors (IS) with Visible Light Communications (VLC), one of the key technologies for the Sixth Generation (6G) of mobile communications. For Screen-to-Camera (S2C) applications in which Light-Emitting Diode (LED) screens modulate information symbols onto video pixels, increasing either the (transmitted) image resolution or frame rate may have a negative effect on the bit error performance and visual quality of OCC-encoded videos. This work proposes a novel OCC/S2C coding approach that lets both symbol transmission and video quality can be improved simultaneously. For this dual task, a Parallel Factor Analysis (PARAFAC) decomposition is applied for the first time in the literature to model an OCC system. In addition to validating the correct formulation of the proposed models, hypotheses, and algorithms, computational simulations demonstrate that increasing the number of video frames can result in time diversity gains. In accordance with the parameters of the system, this work also addresses the practical aspects of data rate, data volume, and computational complexity of the receiver.