Integrated Application of Rapeseed Cake and Green Manure Enhances Soil Nutrients and Microbial Communities in Tea Garden Soil

Haiping Fu,Pinqian Zhou,Guiyi Guo,Anburaj Jeyaraj,Kuberan Thangaraj,Peng Yin,Jianjie Li,Huiling Mei,Xinghui Li,Huan Li,Xuan Chen,Qingping Ma,Yuanjiang Wang

doi:10.3390/su13052967

Abstract

(1) Aims: This study was aimed to investigate the effects of organic and inorganic fertilizer application on the soil nutrients and microbiota in tea garden soil. (2) Method: Illumina Hiseq sequencing technique was conducted to analyze the microbial diversity and density in different fertilizer-applied tea garden soil. (3) Results: The results showed that Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were the predominant bacterial species observed in the tea garden soil. Besides, the relative abundance of Basidiomycota, Ascomycota and Zygomycota fungal species were higher in the tea garden soil. Correlation analysis revealed that Acidibacter and Acidothermus were significantly correlated with chemical properties (such as total organic carbon (TOC), total phosphorus (TP) and available phosphorus (AP) contents) of the tea garden soil. Furthermore, all these microbes were abundant in medium rapeseed cake (MRSC) + green manure (GM) treated tea garden soil. (4) Conclusion: Based on the obtained results, we conclude that the application of MRSC + GM could be a preferred fertilizer to increase the soil nutrients (TOC, TP and AP content) and microbial population in the tea garden soil.

Highlights

Soil is a complicated ecosystem providing many environmental and agriculture services including food for almost every organism on earth [1]
There is no significant differences observed in AK, Total nitrogen (TN), TK and organic matter (OM) contents in CK and fertilizer applied tea garden soil samples though total phosphorus (TP) and Available phosphorus (AP) contents were higher in medium rapeseed cake (MRSC) + green manure (GM) treated tea garden soil (Figure 1)
The relative abundance of bacterial species was higher in organic fertilizer applied tea garden soil than inorganic or zero fertilizer treated tea garden soil samples except Acidobacteria which was lower in RSC and MRSC + GM treatment

Summary

Introduction

Soil is a complicated ecosystem providing many environmental and agriculture services including food for almost every organism on earth [1]. The nitrogen fertilizer application causes complex effects on soil properties such as soil chemical, biological and physical conditions, and even on the degradation of the soil quality and reduction plant productivity [2]. Soil microorganisms play an important role in cycling nutrients and the energy flow [3], while bacteria and fungi have essential impacts on physical and chemical conditions of soil [4]. It is known that community structure, diversity and abundance of soil microorganisms are sensitive to the land usage and soil management [5]. It is important to understand the dynamics of the soil microbial community. Kuntze), a famous perennial evergreen woody economic crop in the world that grow well in acidic soils with pH range from four to six

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Conclusion