Abstract
The central nervous system of the snail Helisoma duryi contains porcine insulin-immunoreactive cells. Most of these cells are known as neurosecretory mediodorsal cells (MDC), and are involved in regulation of growth. There are about 25–40 large and small MDC in each cerebral ganglion near the commissure. Besides the MDC, 6–8 insulin-immunoreactive cells are also seen in the left parietal ganglion and the visceral ganglion. Insulin-immunoreactive material can be traced from the MDC perikarya into their axons in the median lip nerve. The elementary granules of the MDC are 150–250 nm in diameter, and are insulin-immunoreactive. Insulin-like material is released by the CNS in vitro, and can be measured by radioimmunoassay using an antiserum against human insulin. High potassium and 4-aminopyridine increase such release in vitro. It is likely that insulin-like peptide is a growth hormone in H. duryi.
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