Abstract
A diagnosis of heart failure is based on the analytical measurement of natriuretic peptides and performing an echocardiogram, which in many cases will allow for determining the etiological diagnosis and offers the possibility of indicating targeted treatments. In cases in which the problem lies in myocardial contractility and/or relaxation abnormalities, the division into subgroups based on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is also fundamental because of the proven value of certain therapies as disease modifiers and their benefits on morbidity and mortality, particularly in the group with reduced LVEF. These treatments’ indications, their mechanism of action, the hierarchical order to follow based on current clinical practice guidelines, and knowledge of their potential contraindications and adverse effects is essential for optimization in these patients.
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